Thoracic Key

Fig. 49.1 Drugs withdrawn from market between 1990 and 2006 based on overall mechanism of toxicity. The category “QT-Torsades” represents QT interval prolongation and torsade de pointes, while the category…

Fig. 41.1 Schematic representation of therapeutic algorithm proposed by ESH/ESC guidelines on hypertension (Modified from Mancia et al. [12]) Fig. 41.2 Schematic representation of therapeutic algorithm proposed by JNC 8…

Fig. 40.1 Physiology of vascular smooth muscle contraction and relaxation and mechanism of action of various vasodilators. This figure shows a simplified version of vascular smooth muscle physiology. Activation of…

Fig. 26.1 Nitric oxide biosynthesis and signal transduction in the vasculature. Nitric oxide (NO) synthesis occurs in endothelial cells following a reaction catalysed by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) converting…

Fig. 35.1 Baroreflex circuit. The arterial baroreceptors are mechanoreceptors located in the carotid sinuses (innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve, IX) and aortic arch (innervated by the vagus nerve, X) that…

Fig. 12.1 Proteolytic processing of B-type natriuretic peptides (Reproduced from Motiwala and Januzzi [82], with permission from the Nature Publishing Group) In peripheral organs, biologically active NPs bind to natriuretic…

Fig. 15.1 Gene therapy clinical trial data. (a) Relative distribution of clinical trials by disease. (b) Relative distribution of cardiovascular gene therapy clinical trials by vector used 15.2 Gene Therapy…