Fig. 25.1 Development of human coronary atherosclerosis. The two nonprogressive lesions are intimal thickening or intimal xanthoma (foam cell collections known as fatty streaks, AHA type II). Pathological intimal thickening…
SL GTN TD GTN ISDN IS-5-MN (phasic release) Half-life 6–9 min 6–9 min 1–2 (4–5) ha 4–5 h Elimination Hepatic Hepatic Hepatic Hepatic Heart rate ↑ ↔ ↑ ↔ Vascular…
Fig. 55.1 Different etiologies of mitral regurgitation. Schematic illustration of a normal mitral valve closure, degenerative MR with mitral valve prolapse, degenerative MR caused by flail leaflet, and functional MR…
Fig. 50.1 Original ECG registrations from a patient in SR. Arrows indicate P waves. During normal sinus rhythm, P waves are upright in lead II and V2 and followed 1:1…
Fig. 47.1 The difference between nodal (Ca++) and muscle (Na++) action potentials is illustrated. Compared with sodium channels of muscle, nodal calcium channel APs have a less negative resting membrane…
1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) 1.1 Idiopathic 1.2 Heritable 1.2.1 BMPR2 1.2.2 ALK1, ENG, Smad9, Cav1, KCNK3 1.2.3 Unknown 1.3 Drug and toxin induced 1.4 Associated with 1.4.1 Connective tissue…
Baseline to year 2 P value Year 2 to year 4 P value Year 4 to year 6 P value Characteristic Subjects without diabetes mellitus at the beginning of…
Fig. 38.1 Schematic of the nephron illustrating the handling of water and electrolytes by the different segments and the major nephron sites of diuretic action. Aldosterone effect influences sodium and…
Name Target channel Applicability CYP Remarks Dihydropyridines Nifedipine L HBP, AP 3A4 Slow-release tablets Nicardipine L HBP, HF 2D6, 3A4 Slow-release tablets, intravenous Nilvadipine L, T HBP 3A4 Nisoldipine L…
Fig. 27.1 Pathways for the synthesis of long-chain omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Leukotriene B (LTB); prostaglandin E (PGE); thromboxane A (TXA), prostacyclin (PGI) Fig. 27.2 Potential atheroprotective mechanisms…
