Coronary Anatomy
4.1 Coronary Anatomy Right and Left Coronary Arteries Right coronary artery (RCA) [1]: Supply: Parts of the lateral and posterior wall, atria, sinus and AV node Branches: Before crux cordis:…
“Atypical” Atrial Flutter
3.8 “Atypical” Atrial Flutter Nonisthmus-Dependent “Atypical” Atrial Flutter (Left Atrial) Differential diagnosis: Typical atrial flutter Atrial ectopic tachycardia AV nodal reentry tachycardia Orthodromic WPW tachycardia Sinus tachycardia Atrial fibrillation
Acute Coronary Syndrome
4.3 Acute Coronary Syndrome Stress-Induced Ischemia in Coronary Heart Disease (Posterior Wall) Without Infarction ECG characteristics: Horizontal to descendent ST segment depression (significant if more than 0.1 mV in the…
Acute Pulmonary Embolism
5.6 Acute Pulmonary Embolism Acute Pulmonary Embolism ECG characteristics: Mechanism: Acute systolic overload of the right ventricle as a result of occlusion of one or more arteries in the pulmonary…
QT Syndrome
5.10 QT Syndrome QT Syndrome ECG characteristics: Etiology: Congenital: Genetic defect of the voltage-dependent potassium or sodium channels (total of five different types) Acquired: Medication or ischemia ECG characteristics: Prolongation…
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
5.8 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia
Ventricular Fibrillation
3.15 Ventricular Fibrillation Ventricular Fibrillation Mechanism: Rapid reentry? Faster focus? ECG characteristics: Nonhomogeneous oscillating ventricular complexes with no isoelectric axis Wave and tooth configuration Ventricular rate > 300 per minute
Ventricular Flutter
3.14 Ventricular Flutter Ventricular Flutter Mechanism: Rapid reentry? Faster focus? ECG characteristics: Homogeneous ventricular complexes with no isoelectric axis Hair-pin configuration Ventricular rate between 240 and 300 per minute
Brugada Syndrome
5.9 Brugada Syndrome Brugada Syndrome ECG characteristics: Etiology: Genetic defects with up to three mutations in SCN5A (sodium channel) with frequent familial occurrence of ventricular fibrillation ECG characteristics: Three types…
Dextrocardia
5.7 Dextrocardia Dextrocardia Mechanism: Right-sided location of the heart ECG characteristics: Low voltage Absent R formation in the precordial leads with rS configuration Nonspecific apical ventricular changes Etiology: Congenital Treatment:…
