Types of Biopsies
Fig. 3.1 Low-magnification view of a transbronchial biopsy (left, a) and a cryobiopsy (right, b) for comparison. Notice also the lost tissue from the center of the biopsy due to…
Benign Tumors of the Lung in Small Lung Biopsies
Fig. 7.1 Granular cell tumor with polygonal cells, granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, and uniform small nuclei is usually located under the bronchial mucosa within the endobronchial wall Parenchymatous Tumors While most…
Small Sample Lung Biopsy Techniques in the Diagnosis of Airway and Parenchymal Lung Diseases
Endobronchial tumors • Malignant • Carcinoid tumors • Hamartomas Infectious and other endobronchial diseases • Mycoplasma and viral • Endobronchial tuberculosis • Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis • Bronchocentric granulomatosis • Sarcoidosis…
Organ Damage and Blood Pressure in Untreated and Treated Hypertensives
, Cesare Cuspidi2 and Sverre E. Kjeldsen3, 4 (1) University of Milano Bicocca–IRCCS Istituto Auxologico, Italiano, Milan, Italy (2) University of Milano-Bicocca – Dept. of Health Sciences-IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano Centro Ricerche Cliniche,…
Modern Diagnostic Approach for the Assessment of Cardiac Damage in Hypertension: 3D, CT and MRI
Fig. 3.1 Assessment of global LV volume Importantly, reference values for 3D echocardiography-derived LV volumes and LVEF have been published from a large cohort of subjects free of cardiovascular disease,…
Micromyography
Fig. 10.1 Blood pressure drop in the vascular bed, from large, conductance arteries to veins (Redrawn from Ref. [1]). MAP mean arterial pressure, VP venous pressure In the different forms…
Atherosclerosis and General Principles of Arterial Imaging
Fig. 8.1 Human carotid plaques stained histologically for neutral lipids (seen in red, Oil Red O). (a) A stable plaque with a thick cap and low lipid content. (b) An…
Imaging and Ageing of the Aorta and Large Arteries in the Lower Extremity
Fig. 9.1 Layout of post-processing of a contrast-enhanced CT with synchronised axial, 3-D rendering imaging, sagittal and coronal multi-planar reconstructions (clockwise) Fig. 9.2 Post-processing of a contrast-enhanced CT scan of…
Ultrasound: Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Plaque (2D–3D)
Fig. 4.1 Examples of ultrasound image (a) and of echo-tracking radio-frequency image (b) of the carotid vessels The normal IMT values are influenced by age and sex. IMT normal values…
Damage of Retinal Arterioles in Hypertension
Grade Features 1 Mild generalized retinal arteriolar narrowing 2 Definite focal narrowing and arteriovenous nipping 3 Signs of grade 2 retinopathy plus retinal hemorrhages, exudates, and cotton wool spots 4…
