Valvular Heart Disease
Stage Aortic jet velocity (m/s) Mean gradient (mmHg) Valve area (cm2) Mild <3.0 <25 >1.5 Moderate 3.0–4.0 25–40 1.0–1.5 Severe >4.0 >40 <1.0 3 months of surgery for asymptomatic with…
Implantable Cardiac Electronic Devices
(1) Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Background Overview of Device-Related Complications Patients with pacemakers or internal cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are at risk for…
Cardiovascular Risk Stratification
Fig. 6.1 Perioperative Assessment for Coronary Artery Disease. Adapted with permission from [2] The type of surgery, expected blood loss, duration of anesthesia, and anticipated fluid shifts each contribute to…
of Chlamydophila Pneumoniae and Typical Bacteria in Patients with Chronic Cough
No. of patients Chl. pneumoniae Typical pathogensa Co-infection Women 110 31 (28.2 %) 30 (27.3 %) 9 (8.2 %) Men 64 14 (21.9 %) 22 (34.4 %) 3 (4.7 %) Children 40 10 (25.0 %) 21…
with Vaccination Against Influenza Among the Elderly
Before lecture After lecture % of answers % answers Information given by the mass media on vaccination against influenza is: Sufficiently communicated 24.1 51.7 Insufficiently communicated 55.2 41.4 No…
Pneumonia and Its Complications in Children
Medical history n (%) Viral infection prior to NP 2 (6.25 %) Tonsillar hypertrophy 2 (6.25 %) Asthma 2 (6.25 %) Systemic hypertension and obesity 1 (3.13 %) Recurrent upper respiratory tract infections 1…
of Circulating Antibodies Against Hemagglutinin of Influenza Viruses in the Epidemic Season 2013/2014 in Poland
Epidemic season 2013/2014 Influenza virus strains A/H1N1/ A/H3N2/ B A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)pdm09 – like virus A/Victoria/361/2011 (H3N2) – like virus B/Massachusetts/2/2012 – like virus 3 Results and Discussion The geometric mean…
of Hospital’s Antibiotic Policy Decreases Antimicrobial Use in the General Pediatric Ward
Year Number of hospitalized patients Number and proportion (%) of infants Number and proportion (%) of children aged 1–3 years Number and proportion (%) of children aged 4–6 years Number…
Incidence of Respiratory Tract Infections in Vertically HIV-Infected Children in Lower Silesia in Poland and the Approach to Infection Prevention
No. of RTI per year, excluding pneumonia No. of preschool children No. of primary school children No. of secondary school children All patients HIV (n = 9) Non-HIV (n = 16) HIV (n = 10) Non-HIV…
The Role of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Health and Disease
Fig. 1 Function of NADPH oxidase in oxidative burst of neutrophils Superoxide is not the only reactive oxygen species formed during oxidative burst, as further cascade of chemical reactions leads…
