Fig. 18.1 Variability of measurements of PSV by three ICAVL-accredited technologists from an in vitro flow model In a clinical study, the interobserver variability of measurements of PSV from the…
Investigator No. of CEAs % Revised No. of ICA occlusions Restenosis at 2–3 year Baker et al. [3] 316 3 3 (1%) 3% Papanicolaou et al. [4] 86 11 2…
Fig. 14.1 (a) This is a picture of the Spencer technologies headgear that is utilized for securing the transcranial Doppler probe for peri-procedural imaging. The torque device in the front…
Fig. 21.1 Normal arterial velocity tracing (multiphasic) ((a) systolic component, (b) early diastolic component, (c) late diastolic component) Therefore, there are several types of Doppler velocimetry: (1) auditory: this processes…
Fig. 37.1 Calf venous pressure–volume curve. Pressure in the normal limb is low (A), but is elevated in the limb with acute deep venous thrombosis (A’). Inflating the thigh cuff…
Fig. 48.1 Intraoperative duplex sonography of main renal artery prior to repair in longitudinal (a) and transverse view (b). Post-repair duplex (c) with corresponding spectral waveform analysis and renal parenchymal…
Fig. 5.1 (a) Velocity curve (Doppler spectrum) from posterior tibial artery at rest illustrating how flow velocity is high during systole but low or zero during diastole. Note the steep…
Fig. 41.1 Reflux in the GSV in the lower thigh is demonstrated with color flow (left panel) and with Doppler waveform (right panel). Red flow (positive signal) going toward the…
Old nomenclature New nomenclature Femoral vein Common femoral vein Superficial femoral vein Femoral vein Sural veins Sural veins; soleal veins; gastrocnemius veins (medial and lateral) Huntarian perforator Mid-thigh perforator Cockett’s…
Fig. 31.1 Bulging upper extremity collateral veins as a result of central stenosis Additional Examination Further upper extremity examination includes a neurologic examination in order to document the presence of…
