Fig. 5.1 On the left panel, a continuous wave Doppler signal of a mitral regurgitation with a presystolic component can be observed that disappears with the pacemaker activation as shown…
Fig. 14.1 Close up of the MitraClip device Beyond the MitraClip system, other percutaneous approaches to FMR include indirect and direct annuloplasty procedures. The indirect annuloplasty systems are in various…
Fig. 2.1 The posterior mitral valve leaflet is tethered or restricted at P3 due to displacement of the posteromedial papillary muscle following an inferolateral myocardial infarction (Adapted from Chan et…
Fig. 21.1 (a) Measurement of the tricuspid annular diameter by transthoracic echocardiography from an apical four chamber view in mid-diastole. This measures the tricuspid annulus from approximately the middle of…
Fig. 18.1 Anatomy of the tricuspid valve and surrounding structures (Adapted from Carpentier et al. [28]) Fig. 18.2 Papillary muscles supporting the tricuspid valve leaflets (Adapted from Carpentier et al….
Fig. 12.1 Schematic of approach to the mitral valve through the Sondergaard’s groove. The Sondergaards groove is developed to separate the right atrium from the left atrium (a). The left…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Kok Meng John Chan (ed.)Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation10.1007/978-3-319-43510-7_25 25. Which Treatment Is Best for Which Patient in Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation? K. M. John Chan1 (1) Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Gleneagles Hospital,…
Fig. 19.1 Survival curves according to severity of tricuspid regurgitation (From Nath et al. [3], with permission from Elsevier) Functional TR is a progressive disease and if left untreated, will…
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Kok Meng John Chan (ed.)Functional Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation10.1007/978-3-319-43510-7_17 17. Future Directions in Functional Mitral Regurgitation K. M. John Chan1 (1) Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Gleneagles Hospital, Jalan Ampang, Kuala Lumpur, 50450,…
Parameter Range of values 1. Mitral regurgitation severity Mild Moderate (ERO < 20 mm2) Severe (ERO 20–40 mm2) Very severe (ERO > 40 mm2) 2. Mitral leaflet tethering None Mild…
