Fig. 36.1 The IABP improves the myocardial supply and demand balance by increasing myocardial perfusion during diastole and decreasing resistance to left ventricular ejection during systole (with permission from Datascope)…
Fig. 15.1 Essential equipment for pericardiocentesis Technique There are three established methods to perform pericardiocentesis (Table 15.1). The most widely used is via a subxiphoid approach; other approaches include the…
1. Use of TEE when there is a high likelihood of a nondiagnostic TTE due to patient characteristics or inadequate visualization of relevant structures 2. Evaluation for cardiovascular source of…
Fig. 29.1 Angiography (upper left) shows geometry of lesion responsible for pressure (P) and flow (Q) reductions associated with ischemia. Two lesions of the same dimension can have markedly different…
Fig. 30.1 This image shows six guiding catheters. (a) A JL-4 guiding catheter is used to engage the left coronary artery and obtain images of the left coronary system in…
Fig. 18.1 Lead vector for the three standard limb leads, the three augmented limb leads (left), and the six unipolar precordial leads Technique The patient is initially asked to lie…
Indications Infusion of vasoactive medications Inadequate peripheral access Right heart catheterization Administration of medication known to cause phlebitis Placement of pacing leads Plasmapheresis Monitoring of central venous pressure Hemodialysis Right…
Fig. 26.1 Pacemaker interrogation Technique Pacemaker interrogation can be performed in either the sitting or supine position. ECG surface leads should be connected to the patient and the programmer using…
Normal AV conduction First-degree block Mobitz I second-degree block Mobitz II second-degree block Normal intraventricular conduction III III III IIa Old or new fascicular block III III III IIa…
Respiratory failure Pulmonary edema, excess secretions, atelectasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, hypoventilation, neuromuscular failure Acute airway obstruction Laryngeal edema, laryngeal spasm, trauma, smoke inhalation, foreign body, hematoma, tumor, retropharyngeal abscess,…
