Surgical features of malignant cardiac tumors
Key points • Differentiating primary benign vs malignant cardiac tumors can be done using multimodal imaging as well as tissue biopsy. • Clinical features including rapid growth, involvement of multiple…
Cardiac thrombi and imaging modalities (diagnosis, approach, and follow-up)
Key points • Intracardiac thrombi constitute an important clinical condition because of their potential complications. • Detection of ventricular thrombi is generally performed by transthoracic echocardiography, while atrial thrombi are…
CT in benign cardiac tumors (diagnosis, approach, and follow-up)
Key points • CT has emerged as an important imaging modality in the evaluation of cardiac and paracardiac neoplasms. CT has several advantages including wide availability, rapid acquisition time, excellent…
Malignant masses: Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation
Key points • Cardiac neoplasms are rare and most of the malignancies in this organ are metastatic in origin. Fig. 18.2 Angiosarcoma (gross). Right atrial angiosarcoma in a 49/Y woman:…
Contrast echocardiography in cardiac masses
Key points • Newer echocardiographic techniques may provide incremental information to help characterize cardiac masses. • Myocardial contrast echocardiography allows an improved definition of intracavity structures and an assessment of…
Differential diagnosis of cardiac masses by operation view
Key points • Most patients with cardiac masses are asymptomatic; however, they may present with symptomatology and clinical signs suggestive of more common and rapidly debilitating syndromes such as angina,…
Imaging pitfalls, artifacts, and normal variants mimicking cardiac masses
Key points • Anatomic variants occurring in normal cardiac developments often simulate pathologic entities. • Anatomic variants are particularly common in the right atrium. • Due to the physical properties…
Electrocardiography and cardio-oncology
Key points • Baseline ECG in any cardiac or extracardiac tumors is mandatory since therapeutic side effects of chemotherapy on heart are proven. • Comprehensive understanding of the cardiac effect…
Angiographic clues for a cardiac mass
Key points • Most heart tumors are benign. Atrial myxomas make for 30%–50% of all primary cardiac tumors. (See Boxes 5.2 and 5.3 .) Box 5.2 Coronary artery disease. Coronary…
History and physical examination of different cardiac masses
Key points • Primary cardiac tumors (PCTs) are extremely rare that may be symptomatic or found incidentally. • The signs and symptoms of cardiac tumors generally are determined by the…
