Introduction Congenital fistulae cover a wide spectrum of vascular disorders including a variety of arteriovenous (AV) malformations, but also can include venovenous communications. Structural and congenital cardiology interventionalists most often…
Introduction Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a relatively infrequent yet detrimental complication of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation thought to be related to intimal thermal or barotrauma of the pulmonary veins…
Introduction The tricuspid valve apparatus is a complex and dynamic structure that interacts intricately with surrounding anatomy. The vast majority of patients with tricuspid valve disease have tricuspid valve regurgitation…
Background Transcatheter valve replacement is becoming an increasingly favored option to treat a failing tricuspid bioprosthetic valve (BPV). As clinical experience grows and valve technology expands, the option of implanting…
Background The transfemoral approach remains the first-line access choice for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Initially up to a third of patients were unsuitable for the transfemoral approach, although this…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) accounts for the majority of cardioembolic strokes, especially in elderly individuals. Although anticoagulation reduces the risk of embolic stroke, a significant proportion of AF patients have relative…
Complications Operators have to be prepared for all emergencies when performing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Complications should be managed by the team with predefined and discussed protocols, and these…
Background Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by left ventricular hypertrophy not explained by secondary causes, with a predisposition for outflow tract obstruction in some patients. As the most commonly encountered…
Introduction Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) is a less invasive treatment option for patients with suitable anatomy for device closure and those who are considered to be high-risk…
Atrial septal defect Indications Device closure of an atrial septal defect (ASD) is indicated for patients with secundum defects less than 38 mm in diameter, who have evidence of right…
