Introduction What outcomes really matter to patients, families, and societies living with the implications of congenital and acquired pediatric cardiac disease? Survival and physiologic function are certainly paramount. Dramatically improved…
Introduction The advances made in the management of newborns and infants with all forms of critical congenital heart disease (cCHD) over the past 3 decades have truly been among the…
Telemedicine now pervades almost every aspect of the practice of pediatric cardiology. Simply defined, telemedicine means using technology to practice medicine at a distance–and it is now used on a…
The majority of congenital heart defects (CHDs) occur as isolated malformations, whereas approximately 25% to 30% of them are associated with extracardiac anomalies, in the setting of large or submicroscopic…
The successes of pediatric cardiology and cardiac surgery have enabled a new cohort of women, born with congenitally malformed hearts, to reach adulthood. Many of these women are now considering…
Malnutrition Nutrition is fundamental for growth and neurologic development during childhood. However, malnutrition and growth impairment are common worldwide in infants and children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Growth failure…
Introduction Although descriptions of congenitally malformed hearts date back more than 200 years, the field of pediatric cardiology began to rapidly change in the 1950s, when surgical interventions to treat…
Introduction The aortic arch, the arterial duct, and the right and left pulmonary arteries have a close spatial relationship with the major airways and the esophagus. Due to this close…
Introduction The complex interplay between the cardiovascular and renal systems has received significant clinical, translational, and basic research attention over the past 2 decades. In both the acute and chronic…
More than 90% of children born with congenitally malformed hearts now survive to adulthood, as a result of the spectacular achievements of pediatric cardiology and surgery over the past half-century….
