Pneumonia in Children
Abstract Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a major health problem, accounting for approximately 20% of all deaths in children younger than 5 years. Viruses are, by far, the most common cause…
Acute Infections That Produce Upper Airway Obstruction
Abstract This chapter discusses the common and potentially serious infective causes of acute upper airway obstruction in children. The laryngeal anatomy of young children makes them particularly susceptible to upper…
New and Emerging Infections of the Lung
Abstract In this era of rapid globalization and frequent travel, emerging viral infections have gained an immense potential to spread at an unprecedented speed and scale compared with the past….
Nontuberculosis Mycobacterial Disease
Abstract Nontuberculous mycobacterial disease has been increasing worldwide in the general population and also among specific vulnerable disease groups. In this chapter, the microbiology, epidemiology, routes of transmission, clinical manifestations,…
Bronchiolitis
Abstract Acute viral bronchiolitis is a common viral lower respiratory tract infection in young children. Most typically caused by respiratory syncytial virus in 70% of cases, the condition lasts for…
Microbiological Diagnosis of Respiratory Illness : Recent Advances
Abstract A wide variety of microorganisms are potential respiratory pathogens, and the spectrum of known pathogens for each respiratory infection syndrome has not changed markers over recent years. Detection of…
Children Dependent on Respiratory Technology
Abstract The number of children who require chronic mechanical ventilation has grown with improvements in care, assistive technologies, and philosophical approaches to some progressive diseases. The causes of chronic respiratory…
Congenital Lung Disease
Abstract This chapter discusses the spectrum of congenital lung disease from the upper airway down to the lung parenchyma and microvasculature, and associated relevant malformations in the chest wall and…
Diagnostic Imaging of the Respiratory Tract
Abstract Diagnostic medical imaging is central to almost all areas of modern medical practice and advances at an astonishing pace. Since the prior edition, there have been numerous significant advances…
