Abstract This chapter summarizes the anatomy, biology, pathophysiology, surgical treatment, and outcomes in patients with interrupted aortic arch and ventricular septal defect. Emphasis is placed on diagnostic assessment and surgical…
Abstract Infants and children with congenital and acquired heart disease frequently present with nonspecific complaints, and therefore it is essential to have a high index of suspicion for a cardiac…
Abstract Cardiopulmonary bypass in neonates and infants poses significant unique risks that translate into postoperative management challenges. These challenges are best met when the intensivist understands the impact of cardiopulmonary…
Abstract Respiratory support for the child with critical heart disease remains one of the most important aspects of postoperative care. As devices have changed, so have the recommendations on how…
Abstract Bedside ultrasonography has increasingly become a central part of critical care in recent times as a modality for procedural guidance and patient assessment. Despite the longstanding role of ultrasonography…
Abstract Ventricular assist devices (VADs) are invaluable tools for the management of end-stage heart failure in children of all ages. Although development of such devices in adults has advanced substantially…
Abstract The critical care provider when faced with complicated clinical problems often asks the imager, “Which test is best?” to which the imager should reply, “For what question?” With the…
Abstract This chapter discusses the roles of both diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization in the management of critically ill infants and children. Providers caring for these patients should be comfortable…
Abstract Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an established modality of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for patients with severe, refractory cardiac and/or respiratory failure. ECMO evolved as an extension of the…
Abstract Since the end of the 20th century, echocardiography has been a first-line diagnostic method in patients in the pediatric cardiac intensive care unit PCICU). Echocardiography is used routinely and…
