INDICATIONS Print Section Listen Indications for diagnostic laparoscopy can be divided into three broad groups. Gynecologic conditions include infertility, endometriosis, primary amenorrhea, pelvic pain in the female, and to rule…
ANESTHESIA Print Section Listen General anesthesia with endotracheal intubation is recommended. Preoperative prophylactic antibiotics for anticipated bile pathogens are administered such that adequate tissue levels exist. POSITION Print Section Listen…
INDICATIONS Print Section Listen The first step in most abdominal laparoscopic procedures is insufflation of the intraperitoneal space with CO2 gas and the introduction of the videoscope system. The original…
PREOPERATIVE PREPARATION Print Section Listen Prior to bringing the patient to the operating room, the surgical site is marked with the patient’s co-operation by the operating surgeon to ensure correct…
AMBULATORY SURGERY Print Section Listen Ambulatory or outpatient surgery is applicable to relatively few chapters in this Atlas. However, the repair of inguinal, femoral, and small umbilical hernias, breast biopsies,…
ANATOMY OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA AND INFERIOR VENA CAVA Print Section Listen The various vascular procedures that are carried out on the major vessels in the retroperitoneal area of the…
ANATOMY OF THE LARGE INTESTINE Print Section Listen Because of its embryologic development from both the midgut and hindgut, the colon has two main sources of blood supply: the superior…
VENOUS AND LYMPHATIC SUPPLY TO THE UPPER ABDOMINAL VISCERA Print Section Listen The venous blood supply of the upper abdomen parallels the arterial blood supply. The portal vein (1) is…
THORACIC AND PULMONARY ANATOMY Print Section Listen The gross anatomic features of both the lungs are shown in figure 1. On the right side the major division between the right…
ARTERIAL BLOOD SUPPLY TO THE UPPER ABDOMINAL VISCERA Print Section Listen The stomach has a very rich anastomotic blood supply. The largest blood supply comes from the celiac axis (1)…
