Thoracic Key

Secondary prevention Class I ICD therapy is indicated in patients who are survivors of cardiac arrest due to VF or hemodynamically unstable sustained VT after evaluation to define the cause…

Recommendations Class of recommendation Level of evidence CRT is indicated for patients who have LVEF ≤35 %, sinus rhythm, LBBB with a QRS ≥150 ms, and NYHA class II, III,…

By low-output syndromes:  Cardiac arrest and cardiogenic shock acute decompensation of pre-existing chronic heart failure: non-ischemic: congenital, iron overload, amyloidosis, postviral, metabolic or ischemic cardiomyopathy, VAD failure (mechanical, electrical, pump…

AHRQ prevention quality indicators Primary diagnosis (% of total; N) Secondary diagnosis (% of total; N) Heart failure 34 % (6514) 55 %(10,589) Hypertension 0.14 % (27) 34 %(6588) COPD…

Fig. 32.1 Foundations of evidence based medicine (EBM) [2] EBM is the practice of using data from studies comparing the efficacy of multiple interventions or treatments to guide clinical practice….

Infection Therapy duration Guidelines Pneumonia (Community-acquired) Minimum 5 days, afebrile 48–72 h, stable IDSA Guidelines [16] Pneumonia (Hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated) 8 days (if responding); unless Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14–21 days)…

Fig. 7.1 Prevalence of HFPEF in four major epidemiologic cohorts [10–13] Pathophysiology The traditional classification of HFPEF as diastolic heart failure is based on the premise that a single pathophysiologic…

Fig. 11.1 Schematic diagram of the nephron demonstrating the site of action of diuretics [19] Loop Diuretics (LD) Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacology LDs are first line therapy in the treatment of patients with…