Fig. 1.1 Uptake of TAVI procedures in the United Kingdom Fig. 1.2 Emerging TAVI Devices (a) SAPIEN 3 (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, California). (b) CENTERA (Edwards Lifesciences). (c) Direct Flow Medical…
Fig. 2.1 Shown are several LAAC devices. (a) Percutaneous left atrial appendage transcatheter occlusion device (PLAATO). This was the first device available for percutaneous appendage closure and is no longer…
Fig. 3.1 An example of one antegrade and retrograde technique for crossing a CTO. (a) The antegrade approach requires defined proximal cap anatomy ideally with a tapered stump or defined…
Fig. 6.1 Cartoon schematic of the foetal circulation. There are two shunts that provide shortcuts for most of the pulmonary circulation system (circled in green). Connection between the right and…
Fig. 4.1 The Inoue balloon. Kanji Inoue, a Japanese Cardiac Surgeon, developed the idea that a degenerated mitral valve could be inflated using a balloon made of strong and pliant…
Fig. 25.1 Devices for flex-rigid pleuroscopy under local anesthesia. (a) Flex-rigid pleuroscope (LTF-260, Olympus). (b) Flexible trocar. (c) Alligator biopsy forceps Flex-rigid pleuroscope (LTF-260, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) Endoscopy system (light…
Fig. 14.1 A representative case to show the importance of scope rotation. (a) A patient with a lung mass on the right S6 on chest CT. (b) During bronchoscopy, initial…
Fig. 29.1 (a) There is mild thickening and redness on the mucosa of the left upper lobe bronchus (arrow). This was diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma after biopsy. (b) On…
Fig. 23.1 The convex probe endobronchial ultrasound bronchoscope. The different scope models, such as (a) BF-UC260FW by Olympus, (b) BE-530US by Fuji Film, and (c) BE-1970UK by PENTAX 2….
Fig. 10.1 Preparation of transbronchial biopsy/cytology samples 1. Specimen bottles with formalin 2. Thin tweezers 3. Nitrocellulose papers with square cut sections that are 5-mm wide 4….
