Fig. 13.1 Hemodynamic stress causes morphological changes of the heart and the central vessels which are initially adaptive (upper box). These factors affect the fate of the myocardial cells (lower…
Fig. 8.1 Schematic representation of the normal cardiovascular circulation (a), shunted palliation (b), and Fontan circulation (c). (a) Normal circulation: the pulmonary circulation (P) is connected in series with the…
Fig. 15.1 A consistent relationship between increases in pulmonary artery pressures and cardiac output during exercise. Echocardiographic estimates of pulmonary artery pressures (PAP)—panels (a) and (b)—demonstrate a near-linear relationship between…
Fig. 22.1 Surgical procedure to place pulmonary artery banding. Pulmonary artery is dissected free from the aorta (a) white arrow and then a silk thread is positioned behind the pulmonary…
Fig. 21.1 Extracorporeal RV assist devices. (a) Centrimag impeller and pump (video by Thoratec Corp.). (b) BioMedicus pump and circuits for RV support alone (left) and biventricular support (right). Adapted…
Fig. 14.1 Pulmonary venous and arterial remodeling in left heart disease. This schematic puts the emphasis on the damaged lung capillaries Hypothesis of the Lung Circulation and the Heart as…
Fig. 9.1 Mechanisms of acute RV failure. Acute RVF frequently is multifactorial and includes a number of pathological conditions that result in reductions in RV contractility and preload, in addition…
Fig. 4.1 Representative intraventricular blood flow profiles of the right (RV) and left ventricle (LV) at diastole and systole in a healthy control. The main trajectories of blood flow are…
Fig. 11.1 Forssmann, Richards, and Cournand receiving the Nobel Prize in Physiology. From left to right: Richards, Forssmann Cournand, and Professor Friberg. From Werner Forssmann: A Pioneer of Cardiology Original…
Fig. 2.1 Single beat method to measure right ventriculo-arterial coupling. Left: a maximum pressure (P max) is calculated from nonlinear extrapolation of early and late isovolumic portions of the right…
