Blood Pressure Variability as Elusive Harbinger of Adverse Health Outcomes
where n is the number of blood pressure readings, k ranges from 1 to n−1, and w k is the time interval between BP k and BP k + 1. ARV therefore…
Home (Self) Monitoring of Blood Pressure
Feature OBP ABPM HBPM No. of readings Low High Medium White coat effect Yes No No Operator dependency Yes No No Need of device validation Noa Yes Yes Daytime BP…
Gender and Circadian Rhythms in Cardiovascular Function
Fig. 18.1 24-h patterns in heart rate (HR) and systolic and diastolic BP (upper/lower BP curve) in ten male (closed) and ten female (open) healthy volunteers of an age of…
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Older Persons
BP parameter (mmHg) Initial study (mean BP) Two-year study (mean BP) Changes between study periods P-value between study periods Standard deviation of the differences Repeatability coefficient (RC) Clinic systolic 136…
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Coronary Artery Disease and Heart Failure
Fig. 15.1 Pathophysiology of hypertension and heart failure. Schematic of the progression from hypertension to LVH to the clinical syndrome of heart failure. (a) The exact mechanisms that determine LV…
Physiologic Control of the Circadian Variability in Blood Pressure
Fig. 8.1 Schematic representation of the impact of Bmal1 and Cry1/Cry2 on the circadian variations in blood pressure in mice. (a) Normal situation, (b) Bmal1 knockout mice, (c) Cry1/Cry2 knockout…
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Special Populations: Masked Hypertension
Office BP average Not elevated above threshold Elevated above threshold Out-of-office BP average Not elevated above threshold Sustained (“true”) normotension White coat hypertension Elevated above threshold Masked hypertension Sustained…
Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Fig. 14.1 Prevalence of dipping patterns according to stage of chronic kidney disease. Classifications defined in terms of the sleep-time relative SBP decline: ≥20 % (extreme-dipper), 10–20 % (dipper), 0–10…
Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Children and Adolescents
Normal values for ambulatory blood pressure (mmHg) for boys by height Height (cm) 120 125 130 135 140 145 150 155 160 165 170 175 180 185 24-h DSBP BP…
Validation and Reliability Testing of Blood Pressure Monitors
Year BHS (only) BHS + AAMI AAMI (only) BHS (all) AAMI (all) ESH-IP Total 2000 2 (20 %) 4 (40 %) 0 (0 %) 6 (60 %) 4 (40 %)…
