Figs. 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3
Inferior PC or chondrogladiolar (chicken breast or pigeon breast): It is the most frequent type and characterize by a prominent sternum mainly in its mid and lower portion. In almost all cases is associated with lower bilateral costal depression. It is more often symmetric
Superior PC or chondromanubrium (pouter pigeon or Currarino & Silverman syndrome): It consists of upper protrusion of the sternal notch that is proximal to midsternum and lower pseudo depression. It is subdivided to upper PC with midsternum depression and without midsternuml depression [11].
Clinically the deformity presents a typical progressive growth and can be accompanied by cardiovascular and respiratory symptoms similar to PE. These usually include palpitations, dyspnoea, wheezing with exertion and reduced exercise tolerance. Usually the cardiac and pulmonary function are less implicated than in PE but psychological effects of PC can be severe and responsible for low self esteem [12] leading to the necessity of a surgical correction.
References
1.
Nuss D, Croitoru DP, Kelly RE. Congenital chest wall deformities. In: Ashcraft KW, Holcomb III GW, Murphy JP, editors. Pediatric surgery. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; 2005. p. 245–63.
2.
3.
Acastello E. Patologias de la pared toracica en pediatria. Buenos Aires: Editorial El Ateneo; 2006.