Fig. 24.1
Schematic of pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia, based on current evidence. The decreased low-resistance shunting of maternal blood, due to a disruption of the maternal-fetal interface, at the placenta has profound effects on maternal vascular adaptations to pregnancy. In a patient with susceptible endothelium, this leads to the development of the clinical syndrome of pre-eclampsia
References
1.
2.
Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy (2013) Hypertension in pregnancy: American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Hypertension in Pregnancy: Executive Summary Obstetrics & Gynecology 122(5):1122–1131. doi: 10.1097/01.AOG.0000437382.03963.88
3.
4.
Turner JA (2010) Diagnosis and management of pre-eclampsia: an update. Int J Wom Health 2:327–337CrossRef
5.
Zhou Y, Fisher SJ, Janatpour M et al (1997) Human cytotrophoblasts adopt a vascular phenotype as they differentiate. A strategy for successful endovascular invasion? J Clin Invest 99(9):2139–2151CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
6.
7.
8.
Brosens IA, Robertson WB, Dixon HG (1972) The role of the spiral arteries in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Ann 1:177–191
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Palei AC, Spradley FT, Warrington JP et al (2013) Pathophysiology of hypertension in pre-eclampsia: a lesson in integrative physiology. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 208(3):224–233CrossRef
17.
Hunkapiller NM, Gasperowicz M, Kapidzic M et al (2011) A role for Notch signaling in trophoblast endovascular invasion and in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Development 138(14):2987–2998CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
Cui Y, Wang W, Dong N et al (2012) Role of corin in trophoblast invasion and uterine spiral artery remodelling in pregnancy. Nature 484(7393):246–250CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
23.
Colucci F, Boulenouar S, Kieckbusch J, Moffett A (2011) How does variability of immune system genes affect placentation? Placenta 32(8):539–545CrossRefPubMedCentralPubMed
24.
Verdonk K, Visser W, Van Den Meiracker AH, Danser AH (2014) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in pre-eclampsia: the delicate balance between good and bad. Clin Sci (Lond) 126(8):537–544CrossRef
25.
Salas SP, Marshall G, Gutierrez BL, Rosso P (2006) Time course of maternal plasma volume and hormonal changes in women with pre-eclampsia or fetal growth restriction. Hypertension 47(2):203–208CrossRefPubMed