Fig. 12.1
Single frontal radiograph of the chest (left) shows right perihilar edema and a right pleural effusion (red arrow) in a patient with persistent fevers. A contrast-enhanced CT scan (right) shows a right hilar mass (green arrow), pericardial effusion (blue arrow), and right pleural effusion in a patient with invasive mediastinal mucormycosis
12.2.2 CT Findings
Both CT and MRI can be useful to assess the extent of infection, vascular and cardiac invasion, and the degree of obstruction of the vasculature.
12.2.3 MRI Findings
MRI is useful in assessing cardiac anatomy and function and evaluating cardiac output. Invasive mediastinal infection can encase, obstruct, and invade mediastinal vessels, especially venous structures such as the inferior vena cava (IVC), the SVC, and pulmonary veins (Fig. 12.2). Pulmonary edema may be manifest when pulmonary veins are obstructed. Lung involvement is more common than mediastinal invasion.
Fig. 12.2
Coronal (left) and axial (right) contrast-enhanced T1-weighted chest MR images show a right hilar mass compressing the IVC (red arrow) and the right upper pulmonary vein (blue arrow) in 2-year-old patient with invasive mediastinal mucormycosis
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