in the Coagulation System of Active Smokers from the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study

 

Never-smokers

Active smokers

p

Number

1,178

777
 
Smoking (pack years)

0

30.0 (15.0–43.2)
 
Age

65.3 ± 10.1

56.2 ± 10.3

<0.001a

Male Gender (%)

45.4

77.9

<0.001b

BMI

27.4 ± 4.2

27.0 ± 4.2

0.833a

LDL-C (mg/dl)

119.1 ± 36.4

117.5 ± 32.1

0.012a

HDL-C (mg/dl)

41.2 ± 11.1

36.2 ± 10.2

0.002a

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

136 (102–192)

154 (112–218)

<0.001a

Coronary artery disease (%)

68.1

80.1

<0.001b

Diabetes mellitus (%)

38.3

36

0.314b

Hypertension (%)

76.6

63.3

<0.001b

Lipid lowering drugs (%)

42.4

52.8

<0.001b

INR

1.05 (1.00–1.10)

1.03 (0.98–1.08)

<0.001a

ETP (%)

94.4 ± 28.5

99.1 ± 24.5

<0.001a


Data are means ± SD or median and 25th + 75th percentiles

BMI body mass index, LDL-C low density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, INR International Normalized Ratio, ETP endogenous thrombin potential

a t-test

bchi-square test



In AS we observed significantly higher values for fibrinogen, soluble fibrinogen, factor XIII, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor; whereas the concentration of the factors VII, FXII, von Willebrand (vWF), and thrombomodulin were decreased (Table 2). No significant differences were found for the factors, activated prothrombin fragments 1 and 2, and antithrombin III (AT3).


Table 2
Concentration or activity of coagulation factors in never-smokers (NS) and active smoker (AS)












































































 
Never-smokers
Active smokers
  

n
  
n
  
pa

Fibrinogen (mg/dl)
1,178
384.1 ± 99.7
775
417.0 ± 113.9
<0.001

Soluble fibrin (u/ml)
1,006
55.8 (34.6–83.9)
673
63.3 (41.5–95.8)
<0.001

Factor II (u/dl)
962
107 (93–122)
611
109 (95–122)
0.195

Factor V (u/dl)
680
111 (98–126)
435
115 (99–131)
0.172

Factor VII (u/dl)
1,173
125 (108–139)
775
120 (106–135)
0.023

Activated factor VII (u/l)
1,174
34.0 (21.8–51.0)
773
35.0 (22.0–52.0)
0.341

Factor VIII (u/dl)
1,175
172 (132–220)
775
154 (116–204)
<0.001

Factor XII (u/dl)
960
119 (87–145)
611
94 (80–131)
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Jul 10, 2016 | Posted by in RESPIRATORY | Comments Off on in the Coagulation System of Active Smokers from the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study

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