Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging






  1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) makes use of nuclei with unpaired spins. What is the nucleus used in image production?



    1. Hydrogen-1
    2. Carbon-13
    3. Phosphorus-31
    4. Sodium-23



  2. What is the resonance frequency with a 1.5 T scanner?



    1. 63 MHz
    2. 42 MHz
    3. 126 MHz
    4. None of the above



  3. How is spatial localization of signal origin achieved?



    1. Magnetic gradient
    2. Timing of received RF signal
    3. Timing of transmitted RF signal
    4. All of the above



  4. With which of the following is cardiac MRI generally not advisable in patients?



    1. Automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator
    2. Cerebral aneurysm clips
    3. Iron-containing foreign body in the eye that has been there for 6 years
    4. All of the above
    5. None of the above



  5. What are the potential effects of a strong magnetic field in a patient with a pacer or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator?



    1. May burn the circuits
    2. Heat generation at lead tip and tissue coagulation and rise in threshold
    3. Reset device
    4. All of the above



  6. Gadolinium (Gd) does which of the following?



    1. Shortens T1 and increases signal on T1-weighted images
    2. Lengthens T1 and increases signal on T1-weighted images
    3. Shortens T1 and reduces signal on T1-weighted images
    4. Lengthens T1 and reduces signal on T1-weighted images



  7. Which of the following can magnetic resonance (MR) coronary angiography be performed with?



    1. Single breath hold
    2. Multiple breath holds
    3. With the use of a navigator pulse
    4. None of the above



  8. In the FIESTA or steady-state free precession (SSFP) MR image shown in Figure 6.8, what does “1” refer to?



    1. Right ventricle
    2. Left ventricle
    3. Right atrium
    4. Left atrium
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient in steady-state free precession with markings from 1 to 6.

    Figure 6.8




  9. In the FIESTA or SSFP MR image shown in Figure 6.9, what does “2” refer to?



    1. Right ventricle
    2. Left ventricle
    3. Right atrium
    4. Left atrium
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient in steady-state free precession with markings from 1 and 2.

    Figure 6.9




  10. In the T1-weighted black blood MR image shown in Figure 6.10, what does “1” refer to?



    1. Right ventricle
    2. Left ventricle
    3. Right atrium
    4. Left atrium
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient in T1-weighted black blood with markings from 1 and 2.

    Figure 6.10




  11. Figure 6.11 shows a delayed Gd-enhanced image in a patient with occluded left anterior descending (LAD) artery. What is the image indicative of?



    1. Scarred left ventricle anterior wall
    2. Scarred left ventricle inferior wall
    3. LAD area looks fully viable
    4. None of the above
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having occluded left anterior descending artery.

    Figure 6.11




  12. What does the MRA in Figure 6.12 show?



    1. Pulmonary artery branch stenosis
    2. Pulmonary infundibular stenosis
    3. Normal pulmonary veins
    4. None of the above
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having one of pulmonary artery branch stenosis, pulmonary vein.

    Figure 6.12




  13. What does the image in Figure 6.13 show?



    1. T1-weighted image
    2. FIESTA image
    3. Contrast-enhanced MRA
    4. None of the above
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having one of T1-weighted image, FIESTA image, contrast-enhanced MRA.

    Figure 6.13




  14. Which of the following statements about Figure 6.14 are accurate?



    1. It is a volume-rendered MRA image
    2. Gd contrast was used for imaging
    3. 1, 2, and 3 refer to ascending aorta, main pulmonary artery (MPA), and pulmonary veins respectively
    4. All of the above
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient with one of volume-rendered MRA image, Gd contrast, ascending aorta.

    Figure 6.14




  15. What does the arrow point to in Figure 6.15?



    1. Lipomatous atrial septum
    2. Atrial myxoma
    3. Sarcoma
    4. Artifact
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient where white arrows points from bottom to top.

    Figure 6.15




  16. What is the patient in Figure 6.16 likely to have?



    1. Heart failure
    2. Pneumonia
    3. Atrial septal defect
    4. Descending aortic dissection
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having one of heart failure, pneumonia, atrial septal defect, and aortic dissection.

    Figure 6.16




  17. What is the patient in Figure 6.17 likely to have?



    1. Multivessel coronary artery disease
    2. Single-vessel circumflex disease
    3. Extensive myocardial scarring due to prior infarcts
    4. Normal coronary artery
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient during stress perfusion and rest perfusion.

    Figure 6.17




  18. What is the patient in Figure 6.18 likely to have had?



    1. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD)
    2. Inferior myocardial infarction
    3. Anterior myocardial infarction
    4. Myocarditis
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient who had one of arrhythmogenic dysplasia, inferior and anterior myocardial infarction, myocarditis.

    Figure 6.18




  19. What is the patient in Figure 6.19 likely to have had?



    1. ARVD
    2. Inferior myocardial infarction
    3. Anterior myocardial infarction
    4. Myocarditis
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having one of ARVD, inferior and anterior myocardial infarction, myocarditis.

    Figure 6.19




  20. The patient in Figure 6.20 has severe left ventricle dysfunction. What is the etiology likely to be?



    1. Left ventricle noncompaction
    2. Myocarditis
    3. Myocardial infarct with fatty replacement
    4. Cardiac amyloid
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having severe left ventricle dysfunction.

    Figure 6.20




  21. What is the patient in Figure 6.21 likely to have?



    1. Bicuspid aortic stenosis
    2. Aortic valve vegetation
    3. Aortic dissection
    4. None of the above
    Photograph shows MRI scanning report of patient having one of bicuspid aortic stenosis, aortic valve vegetation, aortic dissection.

    Figure 6.21

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Apr 23, 2020 | Posted by in CARDIOLOGY | Comments Off on Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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