ABG sampling technique

1.6 ABG sampling technique


Before you can interpret an ABG you must, of course, obtain a sample of arterial blood. The following steps should be used as a guide but the best way to learn is at the bedside with experienced supervision.



Before sampling



• Confirm the need for the ABG and identify any contraindications (Box 1.6.1).

• Always record details of O2 therapy and respiratory support (e.g. ventilator settings).

• Unless results are required urgently, allow at least 20 minutes after any change in O2 therapy before sampling (to achieve a steady state).

• Explain to the patient why you are doing the test, what it involves and the possible complications (bleeding, bruising, arterial thrombosis, infection and pain); then obtain consent to proceed.

• Prepare the necessary equipment (heparinised syringe with cap, 20–22G needle, sharps disposal container, gauze) and don universal precautions.

• Identify a suitable site for sampling by palpating the radial, brachial or femoral artery (Figure 18). Routine sampling should, initially, be attempted from the radial artery of the non-dominant arm.


Box 1.6.1 Contraindications to ABG analysis*


Inadequate collateral circulation at the puncture site


Should not be performed through a lesion or a surgical shunt


Evidence of peripheral vascular disease distant to the puncture site


A coagulopathy or medium- to high-dose anticoagulation therapy



* These are not absolute and depend upon the clinical importance of ABG analysis.

Related posts:

  1. Common ABG values
  2. When and why is an ABG required?
  3. Making ABG interpretation easy
  4. Acid–base balance: the basics

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Dec 18, 2016 | Posted by in CARDIOLOGY | Comments Off on ABG sampling technique

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