TOPIC 6 Cardiac valvular structure and function Topic Contents Aortic valve disease 55 Aortic stenosis 55 Aortic regurgitation 57 Mitral stenosis 58 Mitral regurgitation 61 Pulmonary stenosis 62 Pulmonary regurgitation 62 Tricuspid stenosis 63 Tricuspid regurgitation 63 Prosthetic heart valves 64 Percutaneous aortic valve bioprostheses 65 Unidirectional flow of blood through the cardiac chambers is ensured by the presence of four cardiac valves which prevent backflow. Normal structure and function of the aortic, mitral, pulmonary and tricuspid valves is described, followed by normal values for the common prosthetic valves. Table 6.1 Normal values for mean and peak gradients and valve area for the four heart valves Aortic valve disease Aortic stenosis It is important to remember that these peak gradients/velocities depend upon preserved left ventricular systolic function. In the setting of impaired left ventricular function, acceleration of ejected blood from the LVOT (subvalvular) to AV by greater than four times (the dimensionless Table 6.2 Echocardiographic parameters for grading the severity of aortic stenosis index) is suggestive of significant aortic stenosis, and dobutamine stress echocardiography is indicated. Figure 6.1 Example of severe aortic stenosis demonstrated using transaortic continuous wave Doppler Aortic regurgitation Table 6.3 Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: 10: Systemic vascular disease 9: Pulmonary vascular disorders 3: Preventative cardiology 5: Ventricular function Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Cardiology Churchills Ready Reference Jun 5, 2016 | Posted by admin in CARDIOLOGY | Comments Off on 6: Cardiac valvular structure and function Full access? Get Clinical Tree
TOPIC 6 Cardiac valvular structure and function Topic Contents Aortic valve disease 55 Aortic stenosis 55 Aortic regurgitation 57 Mitral stenosis 58 Mitral regurgitation 61 Pulmonary stenosis 62 Pulmonary regurgitation 62 Tricuspid stenosis 63 Tricuspid regurgitation 63 Prosthetic heart valves 64 Percutaneous aortic valve bioprostheses 65 Unidirectional flow of blood through the cardiac chambers is ensured by the presence of four cardiac valves which prevent backflow. Normal structure and function of the aortic, mitral, pulmonary and tricuspid valves is described, followed by normal values for the common prosthetic valves. Table 6.1 Normal values for mean and peak gradients and valve area for the four heart valves Aortic valve disease Aortic stenosis It is important to remember that these peak gradients/velocities depend upon preserved left ventricular systolic function. In the setting of impaired left ventricular function, acceleration of ejected blood from the LVOT (subvalvular) to AV by greater than four times (the dimensionless Table 6.2 Echocardiographic parameters for grading the severity of aortic stenosis index) is suggestive of significant aortic stenosis, and dobutamine stress echocardiography is indicated. Figure 6.1 Example of severe aortic stenosis demonstrated using transaortic continuous wave Doppler Aortic regurgitation Table 6.3 Only gold members can continue reading. Log In or Register to continue Share this:Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Related Related posts: 10: Systemic vascular disease 9: Pulmonary vascular disorders 3: Preventative cardiology 5: Ventricular function Stay updated, free articles. Join our Telegram channel Join Tags: Cardiology Churchills Ready Reference Jun 5, 2016 | Posted by admin in CARDIOLOGY | Comments Off on 6: Cardiac valvular structure and function Full access? Get Clinical Tree
